What phenomenon occurs at the electrode-tissue interface that involves a buildup of charge?

The phenomenon that occurs at the electrode-tissue interface involving a buildup of charge is known as polarization impedance. This occurs due to the formation of an electrical double layer at the interface between the electrode and the biological tissue. When an electrical current passes through the electrode, charge carriers accumulate at this interface, leading to a difference in potential. This buildup of charge creates resistance to further current flow, known as polarization impedance.

Polarization impedance is crucial in understanding how electrodes function in cardiac rhythm management systems, as it influences the efficiency of signal transmission and can affect the performance and longevity of the devices being used. It emphasizes the importance of electrode design and materials in minimizing adverse effects that polarization can cause, such as signal distortion and increased energy consumption in pacing devices.

In comparison, conductance refers to the property of a material to allow the flow of current, which does not specifically involve charge buildup. Current leakage pertains to unwanted current paths that can lead to device failure but does not relate directly to charge accumulation. Electrode degradation suggests a decline in electrode function due to various factors but is also not directly about the charge buildup phenomenon at the interface. Thus, polarization impedance accurately captures the charge-related behavior that occurs at the electrode-tissue interface.